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Outer Space & Universe

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Outer Space & Universe

Space, also known as outer space, is the near-vacuum between celestial bodies. It is where everything (all of the planets, stars, galaxies and other objects) is found.

On Earth, space begins at the Kármán line (100 km above sea level). This is where Earth's atmosphere is said to stop and outer space begins. This is not a firm boundary but is a convention used by scientists and diplomats.

Items in space are free to move back and forth; up and down; and left and right. These three dimensions are what make 3D space. Items also move forward through time, which is sometimes called the fourth dimension.

The majority of space contains very little matter and so most of it is a vacuum. Scientists do not know how big space is but we do know that space is extremely big, and is always expanding.

According to the big bang theory, all matter and energy in the Universe was compressed into a very small space. Then it exploded and started expanding. Space is still growing in size today; this means the distance from one galaxy to distant galaxies is getting longer.

Gravity is the force that keeps the Moon in orbit around the Earth and the planets in orbit around the Sun. Gravity can stretch and bend space similar to how a heavy ball placed on a stretched sheet of rubber will cause the rubber to stretch. The scientist who discovered that space can bend is named Albert Einstein. How gravity bends space is part of his theory of general relativity.

Astronauts, Cosmonauts, Taikonauts and Spationauts

An astronaut is any person who is trained by NASA to travel and perform tasks in space. Although the space traveler may not necessarily be a United States citizen, each astronaut does go through a rigorous training regiment by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Other space travelers go by other names then astronaut depending on their country of origin.

In the United States, astronaut is derived from the Greek words ástron (star) and nautis (sailor). While, in Russia, a space traveler goes by the name космонавт (English: cosmonaut), which is derived from the Greek words kosmos (universe) and nautis (sailor). Westerners call a space traveler from China a taikonaut, based on the 1998 writings of Chiew Lee Yik and Chen Lan where the term tàikōng (great emptiness), Chinese for “space”. In China, the term yuháng yuán (universe navigator) is used for space traveler.

Only the United States of America (United States), Russia (earlier, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), and the People’s Republic of China (China) have sent manned spacecraft into space. Other countries have assisted these countries by sending their own space travelers on space missions. For instance, a French space traveler is called a spationaut (from the French word spationaute), which is derived from the Latin spatium (space) and Greek nautis (sailor). (plural in Greek nautes = sailors)

 

  • 08:47 Watch SpaceX Crew-4 undock from space station for return trip

    Watch SpaceX Crew-4 undock from space station for return trip

    by Shubnigg Added 174 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX Crew-4's Dragon spacecraft undocked from the International Space Station on Oct. 14, 2022. Aboard are NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Robert Hines, Jessica Watkins and Samantha Cristoforetti from ESA. They are scheduled to splashdown off the coast

  • 07:45 Watch SpaceX Crew-4's on-orbit tour of Freedom Dragon spacecraft

    Watch SpaceX Crew-4's on-orbit tour of Freedom Dragon spacecraft

    by Shubnigg Added 190 Views / 0 Likes

    NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Robert Hines, Jessica Watkins and Samantha Cristoforetti from ESA give a tour of the new SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft during their flight to the International Space Station on April 27, 2022. Watch the launch: http

  • 14:06 Watch SpaceX Crew-5 undock from space station for return trip

    Watch SpaceX Crew-5 undock from space station for return trip

    by Shubnigg Added 148 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX Crew-5's Dragon spacecraft undocked from the International Space Station on March 11, 2023. Aboard are NASA's Nicole Mann and Josh Cassada, Japan's Koichi Wakata and cosmonaut Anna Kikina. Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-5-depart-inte

  • 01:05 Watch SpaceX de-stack Starship using ‘chopsticks’

    Watch SpaceX de-stack Starship using ‘chopsticks’

    by Shubnigg Added 210 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX de-stacked Starship from atop a Super Heavy booster at their Boca Chica, Texas facility on Feb. 14, 2022. The massive rocket was assembled using robotic arms known as 'chopticks' for a Starship update event. Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: Sp

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    Watch SpaceX Demo-2 mission's return to Earth in animation - Target date set

    by Shubnigg Added 366 Views / 0 Likes

    NASA has announced that they are targeting Aug. 1, 2020 for Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley's departure from the International Space Station. They would re-enter Earth's atmosphere and splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean on Aug. 2 if weather is a go. -- SpaceX's

  • 02:04 Watch SpaceX deploy 19th batch of Starlink satellites

    Watch SpaceX deploy 19th batch of Starlink satellites

    by Shubnigg Added 332 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed 60 new internet-providing Starlink satellites shortly after launch on Feb. 16, 2021. SpaceX manufacturing engineer Jessica Anderson explains. -- Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-launches-60-starlink-satellites-rocket-landing-feb-15

  • 01:04 Watch SpaceX deploy 50 Starlink satellites in this view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy 50 Starlink satellites in this view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 273 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed 50 Starlink satellites shortly after their Falcon 9 launch on Feb. 25, 2022. Watch the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-50-starlink-satellites-launch-february-2022Credit: SpaceX

  • 01:07 Watch SpaceX deploy 52 Starlink satellites in stunning view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy 52 Starlink satellites in stunning view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 297 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed 52 Starlink satellites shortly after launching atop a Falcon 9 rocket on May 15, 2021. Watch them launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-27-launch-rocket-landing-successCredit: SpaceX

  • 01:11 Watch SpaceX deploy 60 Starlink satellites in amazing view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy 60 Starlink satellites in amazing view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 419 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed 60 new internet-providing Starlink satellites shortly after launch on Sept. 3, 2020. SpaceX senior certification engineer Kate Tice explains. Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-11-satellites-launch-september-2020.htmlCredit:

  • 01:17 Watch SpaceX deploy 60 Starlink satellites in stunning view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy 60 Starlink satellites in stunning view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 340 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed 60 new internet-providing Starlink satellites a little over an hour after launch on Oct. 6, 2020. -- SpaceX launches 60 Starlink satellites and lands rocket at sea: https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-12-internet-satellites-launchCredit:

  • 01:11 Watch SpaceX deploy a 12,000-pound Inmarsat satellite in view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy a 12,000-pound Inmarsat satellite in view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 166 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed the Inmarsat I-6 F2 satellite about 32 minutes after launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on Feb, 17, 2023. The satellites is roughly 12,000-pound (5,500 kilograms). See it launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-launch-d

  • 01:05 Watch SpaceX deploy a SiriusXM satellite in this view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy a SiriusXM satellite in this view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 249 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched and deployed the SiriusXM-8 (SXM-8) satellites on June 6, 2021. See the nighttime launch and landing: https://www.space.com/spacex-sirius-xm-sxm-8-rocket-launch-landing-successCredit: SpaceX

  • 02:20 Watch SpaceX deploy a Space Force satellite in this view from orbit

    Watch SpaceX deploy a Space Force satellite in this view from orbit

    by Shubnigg Added 296 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed the Lockheed Martin-built GPS III Space Vehicle 05 for the U.S. Space Force shortly after launch from Space Launch Complex 40 at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on June 17, 2021. Watch the launch and booster landing: http

  • 01:09 Watch SpaceX deploy an Egyptian satellite in this view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy an Egyptian satellite in this view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 245 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed the Nilesat 301 shortly after launching it atop a Falcon 9 rocket on June 8, 2022. Watch the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-nilesat-launch-rocket-landingCredit: SpaceX

  • 02:02 Watch SpaceX deploy big Amazonas Nexus satellite in view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy big Amazonas Nexus satellite in view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 197 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed the 10,000-pound (4,500 kilograms) Amazonas Nexus telecommunications satellite shortly after launch on Feb. 6, 2023. See the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-launch-hispasat-communications-satelliteCredit: SpaceX

  • 01:46 Watch SpaceX deploy Eutelsat 10B satellite in this view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy Eutelsat 10B satellite in this view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 203 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed the Eutelsat 10B communications shortly after launch on Nov. 22, 2022. A Falcon 9 rocket lofted the satellite into a geosynchronous transfer orbit - see the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-falcon-9-eutelsat-communications-satellite-we

  • 02:28 Watch SpaceX deploy Hotbird 13F satellite in amazing view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy Hotbird 13F satellite in amazing view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 196 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX's deployed the Eutelsat Hotbird 13F communications satellite from shortly after launch on Oct. 15, 2022. See it drift away from the Falcon 9 rocket upper stage. Watch the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-hotbird-13f-rocket-launch-landingCredit:

  • 01:29 Watch SpaceX deploy NASA's new x-ray observatory in space

    Watch SpaceX deploy NASA's new x-ray observatory in space

    by Shubnigg Added 207 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 second stage deployed NASA's Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) shortly after launch on Dec. 9, 2021. Watch the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-launches-nasa-ixpe-x-ray-space-telescopeCredit: SpaceX

  • 02:55 Watch SpaceX deploy pair of 'Galaxy' satellites in view from space

    Watch SpaceX deploy pair of 'Galaxy' satellites in view from space

    by Shubnigg Added 165 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX deployed Intelsat's Galaxy 33 and Galaxy 34 satellites on Oct. 8, 2022. They were launched from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida atop a Falcon 9 rocket. See the launch: https://www.space.com/spacex-galaxy-33-34-intelsat-satellite-launc

  • 02:02 Watch SpaceX deploy Planet Skysats after launch

    Watch SpaceX deploy Planet Skysats after launch

    by Shubnigg Added 337 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched 58 Starlink satellites and three Planet SkySats from Launch Complex 40 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center on Aug. 18, 2020. Two of the three Planet SkySats can be seen deployed in this video. Full Story: https://www.space.com

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